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The Art of Landscape Architecture in St. Louis: A Historical Journey

Sep 24, 2023

The Lush Tapestry of St. Louis


St. Louis, Missouri, affectionately known as the “Gateway to the West,” stands not only as a historical emblem of America’s expansion but also as a testament to the transformative power of landscape architecture. This thriving metropolis, nestled along the Mississippi River, boasts a unique blend of historical and contemporary landscape designs. Why would someone delve into the roots of St. Louis’s architectural beauty? To appreciate the city’s verdant present, it’s essential to journey through its rich past.


A beautiful flower garden in the courtyard of a colonial building in a St. Louis Park

Indigenous Beginnings: Harmony with Nature

Long before European settlers graced its soils, indigenous tribes like the Osage and Missouria embraced the land. Their respect for nature led to an organic style of landscape design, where native plants thrived, and waterways remained unpolluted. While the modern streets of St. Louis are a far cry from these early beginnings, our dedication to sustainable, seasonal landscaping echoes this ancestral appreciation for the land.


European Influence: A New Dawn

With the arrival of European settlers in the 18th century, St. Louis’s landscape underwent significant transformations. Inspired by European garden designs, settlers introduced a mix of formal gardens adorned with geometric patterns and symmetrical layouts. The city’s older parks, some of which still stand today, reflect this blend of native beauty and European elegance. This era's signature remains evident in spots like the Lafayette Park, St. Louis's oldest public park.


Industrial Revolution: Green amidst the Gray

The rapid urbanization of the 19th century posed challenges and opportunities for landscape architects in St. Louis. As the city industrialized, there arose a dire need for green lungs - parks and open spaces that offered an oasis amidst the urban sprawl. The establishment of the famous Forest Park in 1876 stands as a testament to this era, where design met utility, offering city-dwellers a breath of fresh air.

The sun sets behind the bandstand in Forest Park, St. Louis, Missouri

20th Century: The Rise of Modernism

Modernism marked a shift from the ornate to the functional. The 20th century saw St. Louis embracing minimalistic designs, open spaces, and a focus on utility. Landscape architects of this era, inspired by global trends, integrated water features, art installations, and even modern lighting solutions to redefine public spaces. This period also marked the rise of community gardens, reflecting a societal shift towards community-centric urban design.


21st Century and Beyond: Sustainable Designs and Urban Solutions

Today, St. Louis stands at the forefront of innovative landscape design. The push towards sustainability is evident in our water conservation projects and the use of native plant species. Modern landscape architects draw inspiration from the past, integrating historical elements with contemporary designs, ensuring St. Louis remains a city where history meets innovation.


St. Louis’s Icons: Landscape Masterpieces

A journey through St. Louis’s architectural timeline would be incomplete without spotlighting some of its iconic landscapes:


  • Forest Park: Spanning over 1,300 acres, it’s a mosaic of lakes, forests, and architectural wonders like the World’s Fair Pavilion.

  • Missouri Botanical Garden: Established in 1859, it remains an emblem of biodiversity, showcasing flora from around the world.

  • Citygarden: A modern addition, this urban park and sculpture garden epitomizes 21st-century design, blending art, nature, and urban life seamlessly.



Lanterns float in the pond outside the climatron in St. Louis' Botanical Gardens

St. Louis - Where History Blooms

From its indigenous roots to its modern masterpieces, St. Louis’s landscape architectural journey is a reflection of its resilient spirit and cultural melting pot. As we design the future, we continually draw inspiration from our rich past, ensuring the city remains a verdant jewel in America’s architectural crown. So, whether you’re a resident or a visitor, take a moment to wander, appreciate, and be inspired by St. Louis’s ever-evolving green tapestry.


Embrace St. Louis’s Legacy in Your Backyard

St. Louis’s rich tapestry of landscape design isn’t just confined to public spaces—it’s a legacy waiting to be woven into the fabric of every backyard, courtyard, and personal oasis in our city.


From the whispers of indigenous designs to the bold statements of modern architecture, the story of St. Louis is a testament to evolving beauty. At Arch Landscape Architects, we invite you to be a part of this storied tradition. Let’s work together to craft a landscape that not only speaks to your personal style but also continues the cherished heritage of our beloved city. Your backyard can be the next chapter in St. Louis’s architectural journey. Reach out to us, and let’s make history together.

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